Aqoon-is-weydaarsiga wax-soo-saarka ee daasadaha casriga ah, hargaha diyaaradda, iyo dhismaha gidaarada daahyada, muraayad ayaa simansaxan aluminiumwaxa loo bedeli karaa "maqaar caqli badan" kaas oo faraha u adkaysta, xoqin, iyo xitaa midab ka dib marka la sameeyo habayn qarsoodi ah. Tani waa sixirka tignoolajiyada daaweynta dusha aluminium - iyada oo loo marayo qaab jireed, kiimiko, ama bayooloji, "hubka kelliyada" ee kala duwan ee shaqeynaya ayaa laga dhisay dusha aluminiumka, taas oo u oggolaanaysa biraha caadiga ah inay soo saaraan firfircooni aan caadi ahayn.
Waa maxay sababta daaweynta dusha sare loogu baahan yahay?
Inkasta oo aluminium loo yaqaan "birta aan waligood daxaleynin", sifooyinka dabiiciga ah waxay leeyihiin saddex cilladood oo waaweyn:
Daxalka u nugul: Deegaannada qoyan, aluminiumku waxay la falgalaan ogsijiin si ay u sameeyaan lakab ilaalin aluminium oksaydh ah, laakiin deegaanka acidic ama alkaline waxay dhaawici karaan xannibaaddan dabiiciga ah.
Xirashada liidata ee iska caabinta: Aluminium saafi ah waxay leedahay engegnaanti HV15-20 kaliya (birta waxay leedahay HV40-60), iyo xagashada waxay u nugul yihiin inay dhacaan inta lagu jiro khilaaf maalinle ah.
Xaddidaadaha bilicda: Dusha aluminium ee aan la daawayn waa caajis oo aan lahayn dhalaal, taas oo adkeynaysa in la buuxiyo shuruudaha naqshadaynta sare.
Tiknoolajiyada daaweynta dusha sare waxaa looga golleeyahay in wax looga qabto arrimahan iyada oo la samaynayo daahan shaqaynaysa oo ah 0.1-500 μm oogada aluminium, taasoo siinaysa astaamo ay ka mid yihiin iska caabbinta daxalka, xidhashada caabbinta, iyo qurxinta. In ka badan 200 milyan oo tan oo aluminium ah ayaa lagu daaweeyaa adduunka oo dhan sannad kasta, taasoo abuuraysa qiime wax soo saar ah oo ka badan 300 bilyan oo doolarka Maraykanka ah.
Falanqaynta buuxda ee tignoolajiyada daaweynta dusha sare
Anodizing: Electrolysis sixirka abuuraa 'hubka'
Mabda'a: Geli walxaha aluminiumka sulfuric acid electrolyte oo dhali lakabka 10-200 μm alumina dhoobada dusha ka dib marka la koronto.
Tilmaamaha farsamada
Samaynta qaab dhismeedka armalada malabka miisaan yar leh oo adag ilaa HV300 (lakordhay 15 jeer)
Waxaa lagu midabayn karaa in ka badan 200 oo midab (sida buluug gradient ee iPhone).
Iska caabbinta daxalka milixdu ilaa 2000 saacadood (saacad aluminium caadi ah oo keliya 500 saacadood).
Kiiska codsiga
Aerospace: Boeing 787 fuselage maqaarka anodized daawaynta waxay hagaajinaysaa caabbinta UV saddex jeer.
Derbiga daahyada ee dhismaha: Alucbond-ka kooban ee guddi anodized filim dhumucdiisuna tahay 50 μm, oo cimrigiisu ka badan yahay 50 sano.
Electroplating: Is dhexgalka Xuduudaha ee Dahaarka Birta
Mabda'a: Dhigista korantada kiimikada, nikkel, chromium, tiin iyo lakabyo kale oo bir ah ayaa lagu daboolay dusha aluminium.
Horumarka hal-abuurka:
Nanoelectroplating: Japan waxay samaysaa dahaar aad u dhuuban oo dhumucdiisu tahay 1 μm kaliya si loo ilaaliyo faa'iidada substrate-ka fudud.
Korantada isku dhafan: Ku darista walxaha dheemanka ah ee xalka dahaadhka si loo kordhiyo adkaanta HV1000.
Beddelka deegaanka: Habka korantada bilaashka ah ee Cyanide wuxuu yareeyaa qiiqa birta culus 90%.
Xaaladaha codsiga
Qaybaha baabuurta: saxaarad batari Tesla oo lagu dhejiyay lakabka nikkel, awood u leh u adkeysiga heerkulka sare ilaa 800 ℃.
Alaabooyinka elegtarooniga ah: MacBook qolof lagu dahaadhay lakab naxaas ah, kulaylka kulaylka ayaa la hagaajiyay 40%.
Micro arc oxidation (MAO): "Furnace atomic" oo loogu talagalay daahan dhoobada ah
Mabda'a farsamada: Hoosta korantada sare ee tamarta, dheecaanka balaasmaha ayaa laga soo saaraa dusha aluminium, samaynta lakab dhoobo ah oo 10-200 μm ah.
Faa'iidooyinka waxqabadka:
Xiro caabbinta: Heerka xidhashadu waxa uu u hooseeyaa sida 5 × 10 ⁻⁷ mm ³/N · m (1/5 of anodizing).
Waxqabadka dahaarka: korantada burburka ilaa 2000V/mm (10 jeer ka birta).
Biocompatibility: caafimaad ahaan shahaado si loogu isticmaalo beerista wadajirka macmal ah.
Codsiyada xuduudaha:
Qalabka caafimaadka: Germany B Braun Qalabka qalliinka waxaa lagu dahaadhay MAO oogada sare, oo leh heerka bakteeriyada bakteeriyada 99.9%.
Dahaarka dayax-gacmeedka: NASA waxay soo saartay Al ₂ O ∝ – TiO ₂ lakab dhoobo isku dhafan, heerkul u adkaysta 2000 ℃.
Filimka beddelka kiimikaad: "gashaanka aan la arki karin" ee wax soo saarka cagaaran
Tilmaamaha farsamada: Looma baahna koronto, soo saar filim ilaalin ah xalka heerkulka qolka.
Habka caadiga ah:
Beddelka Chromate: Iska caabin daxalka aad u wanaagsan, laakiin chromium hexavalent waa kansar (waxaa mamnuucay Midowga Yurub).
Beddelka chromate-ka fosfate-ka: chromium bilaash ah iyo xal kale oo deegaanka u saaxiib ah, oo si buuxda loogu dabaqay khadka wax soo saarka ee Ford.
Daaweynta Silane: Ku beddelashada milixda birta ah ee organosilane molecules waxay yaraynaysaa kharashka daaweynta biyaha wasakhda ah 70%.
Kacaanka tignoolajiyada cusub ee qaska ah
Daahan Nano: ilaalinta saxda ah heerka molecular
Dahaarka "biomimetic lotus leaf effect" oo ay samaysay jaamacada Harvard waxa uu leeyahay xagal xidhiidhka oo ah 160 darajo iyo dhibcaha biyuhu si toos ah ayay u soo baxaan.BASF nanoceramic daahan oo ka yimid Jarmalka, oo leh dhumucdiisuna tahay 200nm, waxay iska caabin kartaa cammuudda iyo saamaynta quruurux.
Dahaarka is- bogsiinta: "is-soo-nooleynta" ee alaabta
Kansai Coatings ee Japan ayaa soo saartay nidaam is-bogsiin microcapsule ah oo sii daaya wakiilada dayactirka ee goobaha xoqan, u oggolaanaya soo celinta 24-saac.
Machadka Hefei ee Sayniska Qalabka iyo Tignoolajiyada, Akadeemiyada Sayniska ee Shiinaha, ayaa soo saartay dahaar kuleyl leh oo si toos ah u hagaajinaya marka uu la kulmo kulaylka.
Dahaarka beddelka midabka caqliga leh: dusha 'ka fikiri kara'
Dhalada korantada ee Gentex ee Israa'iil, oo leh gudbinta iftiinka lagu hagaajiyay danab (1% -80%)
Farsamada khadka elektiroonigga ah ee Merck ee Jarmalka waxay ku guulaysataa beddelka firfircoon ee qaababka dusha sare ee taarikada aluminium.
Panorama codsiga warshadaha
Qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee macaamiisha: bandhig farsamo sax ah
Qaabka taxanaha Huawei Mate wuxuu qaataa oxidation micro arc + PVD, oo dhumucdiisu tahay 0.6mm kaliya.Qaabka Samsung Galaxy S24 Ultra wuxuu isticmaalaa filim kaarboon u eg dheeman (DLC) oo leh qallafsanaanta HV900.
Baabuurta Tamarta Cusub: Isku-dheellitirka Miisaanka Fudud iyo Badbaadada
Baytariga daabka BYD wuxuu qaataa daahan anodizing+epoxy resin daahan, heerka dib u ololka UL94 V-0
Hubka BMW iX chassis waxaa lagu dahaadhay silane ceramicized ah, taas oo yaraynaysa miisaanka 30% oo u adkaysata saamaynta.
Gidaarka Daahyada Dhismaha: Muujinta Farsamada ee Bilicda Magaalada
Darbiyada bannaanka ee Burj Khalifa ee Dubai waxaa lagu dahaadhay fluorocarbon, cimiladuna waxay gaadhaysaa ilaa 50 sano.
Taajka munaaradda ee Dhismaha xarunta Shanghai waxay isticmaashaa daahan is-nadiifinta sawir-qaadista si ay uga saarto boodhka ka dib dhaqidda roobka.
Isbeddellada Mustaqbalka iyo Caqabadaha
Isbeddelka Waxsoosaarka Cagaaran
Wakiilka beddelka biobased: Isticmaalka soosaarayaasha dhirta si loogu beddelo kiimikooyinka dhaqameed
Daaweynta balaasmaha heerkulka hooseeya: isticmaalka tamarta ayaa hoos u dhacay 50%, wax dareere ah oo biyo wasakh ah ma jiro.
Is dhexgalka shaqada badan
Cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta superhydrophobic, bakteeriyada, iyo korantada saddex ee hal daahan
Dahaarka elektarooniga ah ee la fidin karo: wuxuu ilaaliyaa conductivity xittaa iyadoo heerka fidsan ee 300%.
Horumarka garaadka
Dahaarka isku dhafan ee dareemayaasha: la socodka wakhtiga dhabta ah ee xaalada caafimaadka alaabta.
Daahan midabka ka jawaabaya iftiinka: si toos ah u hagaajiya qoto dheer midabka iyadoo loo eegayo xoojinta UV.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-09-2025